Circular Permutation Count Calculator

Fix one of the n distinct labels as an anchor, then linearly arrange the remaining n-1 labels, yielding (n-1)!. The indexing and counted objects are stated in the method and worked example. Inputs must be whole numbers inside the displayed domain; the page never rounds a decimal into an accepted index. This ties the answer to one explicit convention instead of silently mixing sequence offsets or combinatorial interpretations.

Rotations are equivalent, but mirror-image arrangements remain different in this oriented-circle convention. Small boundary cases and the displayed identity provide useful independent checks. Recompute the displayed recurrence or closed form with the same inputs and compare its previous terms or counting factors. That check supports this bounded result, but it does not transfer the interpretation to a different sequence or counting object.

n is capped at 19 because 18! is the largest permitted factorial within safe exact display. The implementation uses integer arithmetic internally and refuses results beyond the safe display boundary. Combinatorial and recurrence values can grow rapidly even when the inputs look small. The conservative cap prevents browser stalls and avoids presenting an unsafe floating-point integer as exact; larger work needs arbitrary-precision software and independent resource controls.