LOANS / FEE-ADJUSTED RATE
Solve the payment-implied annual borrowing rate after subtracting upfront fees from the amount actually received, with nominal and effective views.
Use boundary
A bounded binary solver finds the monthly discount rate that makes the present value of all payments equal net proceeds, then annualizes it in nominal and effective forms.
APR solves the monthly rate that equates net proceeds with the present value of all scheduled payments.
What you provide
What you receive
Use boundary
Regulated APR disclosures can include or exclude specific charges and use jurisdiction-specific timing and rounding rules.
This is an educational planning estimate. Confirm lender, issuer, tax, accounting, and contractual rules with the relevant provider or qualified adviser before acting.